What is the importance of assessing ones health and skill related fitness status

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HEALTH RELATED COMPONENTS OF FITNESS
Skill Related Components of Fitness
The six skill-related components of fitness contribute to your ability to successfully participate in sports and activities. Those that have a high level of skill-related fitness are more likely to be physically active than those who have lower level of skill. To improve levels of fitness one must first know their level of fitness, and set goals and work toward improving both their health and skill related fitness components. Quote: "If it is to be it us up to me." Essential Understanding: If you are going to bring about change in the way you look and feel it is up to you. No one else can choose the right foods or exercise your body for you!
Health-related Fitness

The five health related fitness components: flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, and body composition.

The six skill related components of fitness: agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed.

Click through this Slide Share Presentation a presentation for a better understanding of the health and skill related fitness components. There are 11 total: 5 are considered health-related fitness components and 6 skill related fitness components.

Is the ability to change the position of your body and to control the movement of your whole body. Agility is an important quality in many sports, because you must change direction rapidly and always have your body under control.

Is the ability to keep an upright posture while either standing still or moving. Good balance in essential in many activities like skating, surfing, skiing, and gymnastics.

Is the ability to perform with strength at a rapid pace. Strength and speed are both involved in power. Football players, swimmers, shot-putters, discus throwers, and high jumpers are examples of athletes who typically have a high degree of power.

Is the amount of time it takes to start a movement once your senses signal the need to move. People with good reaction time can usually start quickly in track and swimming or react quickly in ping pong or karate.

Is the integration of eye, hand, and foot movements. This component is necessary for success in such sports as baseball, softball, tennis, golf, and basketball.

Is the ability to cover a distance in a short amount of time. Speed is a very important factor in many sports and activities. Short runs are used to evaluate speed.

“Fitness” is an important indicator of one’s physical and mental functioning. In particular, good Health-related Physical Fitness (including cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, as well as body composition) is related to lower rates of cardiovascular diseases, better sleep quality, mood, and quality of life. Participating schools of the Project are recommended to conduct fitness tests for students on a regular basis. This will enable teachers and researchers to understand students’ performances in various aspects of physical fitness. The Project has suggested a set of internationally recognised assessment methods for teachers to follow.

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The concept of “physical fitness” was first put forward in a report released by The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in 1996. In simple terms, “physical fitness” refers to the ability of the body to adapt to external environment such as leisure, emergencies and stress outside of work. There are two kinds of physical fitness, namely Health-related Physical Fitness and Sports-related Physical Fitness.

Health-related Physical Fitness consists of 5 components:

Cardiorespiratory Endurance: The lungs and heart work together to pump oxygen to working muscles and tissues. Improving cardiorespiratory endurance enable you to physically perform for longer without getting tired. It also helps boost one’s efficiency in carrying out everyday activities.

Muscular Strength and Endurance: Muscular strength refers to the amount of force you can put forth with your muscles, while muscular endurance refers to how many timesyou can move that weight without getting exhausted. Good muscular strength and endurance can promote health, prevent injuries and improve work efficiency. Muscular strength and endurance can be built up by doing weight training.

Flexibility: It is the range of movement through which a joint or sequence of joints can move.People with goodflexibility can move freely and are likely to have better posture. Poor flexibility limits proper joint motion.

Body Composition: Several formulas can be used to measure body composition, such as body fat ratio, Body Mass Index (BMI),waist–hip ratio etc. Having a value within the normal range means that you have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.

Sports-related Physical Fitness involves skills that will enhance one’s performance in athletic or sports events. It includes components of agility, coordination, balance, speed, power, and reaction time.

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Fitness data is collected from participating students to help understand their current bodily conditions. With such an understanding, improvement plans can be designed to enhance learning and teaching at schools. Below are the fitness tests adopted by the Fun to Move@JC Project, namely:

1. BMI

2. FITNESSGRAM® Shoulder Stretch

3. FITNESSGRAM® Curl-Up

4. 6 minutes（for 9 years old or below）/ 9 minutes（for 10 years old or above）running/walking test

1. Body Mass Index

Objective：Measuring body composition

Equipment required：stadiometer；weight scale；calculator；pen and record sheet

Testing Procedures:

Shoes off; light clothing
Measuring height in meter
Measuring weight in kilogram
Apply formula (weight(kg) / height2(meter2) to calculate your body mass index

2. FITNESSGRAM® Shoulder Stretch

Objective: Testing upper limbs’ flexibility

Equipment required：pen and record sheet

Testing Procedures:

Stand up and stay relaxed
Reach with right hand over the right shoulder and down the back as if to pull up a zipper or scratch between the shoulder blades
At the same time, place the left hand behind the back and reach up, trying to touch the fingers of the right hand
Test the reverse side

3. FITNESSGRAM® Curl-UP

Objective：Testing abdominal muscle endurance

Equipment required: gym mat with measuring strip（a strip of 3 inches wide is used for 5- to 9-year-olds; older students should use a strip that is 4.5 inches wide）；A4 paper; curl-up audio；pen and record sheet

Starting position：

• Partner A lies in a supine position on the mat

• Knees bent at an angle of approximately 140 degrees

• Feet flat on the floor, legs slightly apart

• Arms straight and parallel to the trunk with palms of hands resting on the mat

• The head is in contact with the A4 paper

Testing Procedures：

Partner A’s fingertips are just resting on the nearest edge of the measuring strip
Partner B kneels down at partner A’s head in a position to count curl-ups and watch for form breaks
Place the A4 paper under partner A’s head. It will assist partner B in judging if partner A’s head touches down on each repetition **Remarks: The A4 paper becomes wrinkled if the partner A is not using his/ her abdominal muscles for the movement
Keeping heels in contact with the mat, partner A curls up slowly, sliding fingers across the measuring strip until fingertips reach the other side; then partner A curls back down until his or her head touches the piece of paper on the mat. Movement should be slow and gauged to the specified cadence of about 20 curl-ups per minute
Partner A continues without pausing until he or she can no longer continue or has completed 75 curl-ups

4. 6 minutes（for 9 years old or below）/ 9 minutes（for 10 years old or above）running/walking test

Objective: Testing cardiorespiratory endurance

Equipment required: timer；markers (the suggested distance between the markers is 10 meters)；whistle；pen and record sheet

Testing Procedures:

Student runs or walks as far as possible within 6 or 9 minutes. The running or walking distance will be marked
Teacher should remind student accelerate gradually and remain the steady speed.
Teacher gives out a signal to remind students at last 3 minutes and 15 seconds, and remind their partner to record the distance
Students keep running until hearing the ending signal. They should keep walking one or two laps for cool down after the test
If students cannot keep running, they can choose to walk. Teacher should give them encouragement during the test

Reference：

https://running.biji.co/index.php?q=news&act=info&id=91814&subtitle=何謂健康體適能

https://www.lcsd.gov.hk/tc/healthy/physical_fitness/concept.html

http://www.hkpfa.org.hk/index/customIndex.aspx?nnnid=1

https://www.usa.gov/federal-agencies/u-s-department-of-health-and-human-services