Homosexual couples experience fewer psychological benefits from legal marriage.
Intimate partner violence occurs more in heterosexual relationships.
The breakup rate for homosexual couples is higher than for heterosexual couples.
Same-sex and opposite-sex couples report less distress in legally-recognized relationships.
2. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. The evolutionary perspective argues that women tend to prefer mates with which characteristics?
tall
gentle
intelligent
handsome
strong moral character
good earning potential
3. Erikson once proposed that identity development was the primary psychosocial task of adolescence. Now it is the defining marker of emerging adulthood. Why?
Entering the workforce after high school has become more common.
The identity search process typically concludes in adolescence now.
Children are maturing into adolescents later than before.
The increase in college enrollment has pushed back identity formation.
4. How do heterosexual parents compare with same-sex parents?
Same-sex parents tend to coparent more equally.
Heterosexual couples shift more often from dual-income households to single-income households.
Homosexual couples shift more often from dual-income households to single-income households.
Opposite-sex couples tend to coparent more equally.
5. Based on contextual factors, which individual is at highest risk for committing intimate partner violence?
an employed man with three children and a wife who is employed
an unemployed man with a large family that can provide social but not economic support
a straight female who works in a male-dominated occupation
a gay man who experiences constant discrimination at work
6. Which is a predictor of divorce?
a couple's financial status
a couple's feelings about commitment
a couple's level of codependency
a couple's problem-solving style
7. According to Erikson, which psychosocial task involves making a permanent commitment to a romantic partner?
industry versus inferiority
identity versus role confusion
intimacy versus isolation
initiative versus guilt
8. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which are reasons that North American adults give for having children?
getting tax credits
developing a parent-child bond
securing a stronger marital relationship
having fun
learning experiences
9. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. In which ways do the children of homosexual parents differ from the children of heterosexual parents?
social development
psychological adjustment
family formation
gender identity
sexual orientation
10. How do opposite-sex friendships progress in adulthood?
Men typically view their opposite-sex friendships as sibling-like relationships.
Women and men tend to view their opposite-sex friendships as status symbols in adulthood.
Men and women tend to maintain their opposite-sex friendships after marriage.
Women usually have more opposite-sex friendships in adulthood.
11. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which are explored when developing a sense of ethnic identity?
education
gender
attitudes
values
culture
12. Adults who describe themselves as "single by choice" tend to see themselves as ______.
undesirable
independent
lacking in some way
better than most other mate choices
13. What is the primary challenge never-married mothers often face?
finding a mate
financial hardship
discrimination
stigmatization
14. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which behaviors are characteristic of political identity?
attending church services
voting
volunteering
staying informed
exploring one's culture
15. Research has not found any social or emotional differences between same-sex couples whose marriages are legally sanctioned and those whose marriages are not.
True
False
Ch 15
1. An individual remembers a series of vocabulary words. What is this an example of?
Flynn effect
cohort effects in intelligence
crystallized intelligence
fluid intelligence
2. What does the wear and tear theory propose?
We need to maintain our bodies to slow aging.
Our bodies age over time and tire from function.
Our bodies are programmed at birth for when organs will fail.
We need to be careful to move around less as we age.
3. What is the relationship between attention and memory decline?
As our ability to tune out irrelevant information decreases it reduces the performance of our memory system.
As our ability to pay attention increases we have too much to remember and memory slows.
As our ability to pay attention increases we are able to remember more because less information is coming in.
As our ability to tune out irrelevant information increases it increases the performance of our memory system.
4. How do Eastern cultures view romantic relationships?
Romantic relationships are more focused on responsibilities to commitment and society as a whole.
Romantic relationships that are committed are viewed as the primary means of expressing love and passion in society.
Romantic relationships tend to focus more on the passion than the companionship because they are often arranged.
Romantic relationships result in continuation of that society and are very important based on its contribution.
5. Which of the following is an example of crystallized intelligence?
analyzing an issue
solving a dilemma
calculating a math problem
identifying a need
6. A woman complains to her husband that she has more wrinkles than him but does not go out in the sun. Why is this?
Testosterone provides males with extra toughness to the skin.
The dermis layer of the male is thinner which allows more flexibility.
Estrogen is reduced, which increases aging of the skin.
The dermis layer of the female increases fat which loosens the skin.
7. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following is true about middle-aged memory systems?
retrieval increases
elaboration declines
organization declines
memory for process increases
ability to recall declines
8. What occurs in the body with cancer?
New cells are not formed causing aging cells to have to do all work.
Abnormal cell growth outpaces normal cell growth.
Cells are prevented from undergoing cell division.
Foreign bacteria kill cells.
9. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What helps middle-aged adults information processing capacities?
practice dividing attention
increasing age
experience multitasking
inhibition of information
expertise in focusing attention
10. Which task would a middle-aged individual likely perform better than someone in early adulthood?
perceptual speed
rotating an object in the mind
learning a new language
reasoning through induction
11. Which of the following is a stressor of the sandwich generation?
working to meet deadlines and high executive jobs
struggling to pay the bills with low-paying jobs
caring for an older generation and a younger generation
juggling work in children at the same time
12. A woman in her early 50s notices that her menstrual cycle is lasting 2 days less than normal. She also begins to feel hot flashes. What is she likely experiencing?
osteoporosis
menopause
perimenopause
menarche
13. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What is an example of fluid intelligence?
identify a problem
describe a problem
identify a spelling word
find an alternative solution
write a sentence
14. SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following is a symptom of diabetes?
increased thirst
hyperactivity
frequent infections
weight gain
blurred vision
15. How do experts maintain their ability and expertise as they age?
They become more adept at using a broader range of strategies and external supports.
They slow down what they are doing so they do not become confused.
It becomes so automatic with time they do not need to consciously maintain it.
They process information more quickly and efficiently because they continue to use it.
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