In this tutorial, you’ll learn how to provide authentication for the requests you make with the Python Show
By the end of this tutorial, you’ll have learned:
Table of Contents Use Basic Authentication with Python RequestsBasic authentication refers to using a username and password for authentication a request. Generally, this is done by using the 1 class provided by the requests library. However, as you’ll later learn, the requests library makes this much easier, as well, by using the 4 parameter.Let’s see how we can pass in a username and password into a simple 5 request using the 1 class:
Let’s break down what we did in the code above:
If you were using this method, you’d change 5 and 6 to the username and password of your choice.Because the basic authentication method is used so frequently, the 1 object each time, you can simply pass a tuple containing your username and password into the 4 parameter.Let’s see what this looks like:
In the code above, we were able to significantly reduce the complexity of our code. The Python In the following section, you’ll learn how to use digest authentication in the Python Use a Basic Authorization Token as Credentials with Python RequestsMany APIs will simply provide you with a basic authorization (or, auth) token instead of credentials. The Python In order to use basic authorization tokens as credentials, simply pass the token into the 3 header of a request:
The 5 parameter.Use Digest Authentication with Python RequestsA very common way of authenticating HTTP requests is to use the digest authentication method. Similar to the Basic HTTP Authentication method shown above, the Let’s see how you can use the 7 class to authenticate using digest authentication in Python:
Let’s break down what we did in the code block above:
In the following section, you’ll learn how to use OAuth1 authentication with the Python Use OAuth1 Authentication with Python RequestsA very common form of authentication when using web APIs is the OAuth form of authentication. Generally, OAuth authentications come with a client key, client secret, a resource key, and a resource secret. While this may seem like a lot, it’s simple to provide to your request. In order to use OAuth1 authentication, you need to install the 3 library. This can be done easily using the 4 installer:
Once the library is installed, you can authentication using OAuth1 using the following code:
The OAuth1 method was replaced by the OAuth2 authentication protocol in 2012, making it much more robust and reliable. In the following section, you’ll learn how to authenticate using the OAuth2 method. Use OAuth2 and OpenID Connect Authentication with Python RequestsThe OAuth2 authentication protocol is a more robust and reliable protocol than the OAuth1 method. Similar to the method shown above, the OAuth2 authentication uses access tokens. These access tokens are special kinds of data, often in the form of JSON, that allow users to authenticate for a site or a particular resource. Additionally, these tokens often have an expiry date and time in order to keep them more secure. In order to use OAuth2 with the 3 library. This can be done easily using the 4 installer:
Once the library is installed, you can authentication using OAuth2 using the following process:
This process was a bit more complicated. However, this is a worthwhile method to learn given the prevalence of OAuth2. In the following section, you’ll learn how to authenticate using custom methods in the Python Create Custom Authentication Methods for Python RequestsIn some cases, the required form of authentication won’t exist in the Let’s see how we can create our own form of authentication by inheriting from the 3 class:
In the code above, we demonstrated the basic requirements for how to construct your own form of authentication:
ConclusionIn this tutorial, you learned how to provide authentication for the requests you make with the Python |